The Impact of Seasonal Variation on Physiochemical Parameters in the Ganga River and Bhimsen Pond Water in Kanpur, India

• Jorn

  English

  Author

• Bartolomaeus

  English

  Author

 The physiochemical characteristics of the Ganga River and Bhimsen Pond water in Kanpur, 
India, throughout the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons are assessed in this study. 
Parameters including pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total 
dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, chloride, and nitrate concentrations were measured in water samples. The 
findings revealed notable seasonal differences in both bodies of water, with the pond's water exhibiting 
more noticeable changes because it is a closed system. During the monsoon season, the Ganga River's pH 
increased noticeably to 8.1, but the pH of the pond water remained continuously higher at 8.6. In both 
bodies of water, the temperature drastically decreased after the monsoon. During the monsoon, electrical 
conductivity dropped, demonstrating the diluting effect of rainwater, while the pond's sensitivity to 
variations in mineral composition increased. During the monsoon, dissolved oxygen levels rose in both 
bodies of water (6.3 mg/l in the river and 6.83 mg/l in the pond), indicating improved aeration. TDS levels 
dramatically decreased, especially in the Ganga River, suggesting a diluting impact. During the monsoon, 
salinity and nitrate concentrations also dropped, with pond water exhibiting greater baseline 
concentrations, probably as a result of reduced water exchange and agricultural runoff. The impact of 
surface runoff and decreased natural flushing processes are responsible for the pond water's higher 
fluctuation in physiochemical parameters, according to comparative analysis. This study advances 
knowledge of the ecological health of the Ganga River and Bhimsen Pond as well as the impact of seasonal 
variations on water quality by offering insightful information on their water quality dynamics.

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